The climate of Qatar is Characterized as extremely hot in the summer with an average of maximum temperature showed gradually in 38.7 , 41.3 during the months of June and July, as the maximum temperature varies from station to another by the station site to the latitude and longitude, as well as to the wind directions that appeared next to the station and some other metrological considerations.
In most of the times, the highest temperatures are registered during the June and July, and since being updated with the meteorological data through the use of database of the modern ones, we have found that temperatures exceeded the 49.5 ° have been recorded only in the stations (Doha International Airport, Umm Said, Macainis, smoke) located in the southern half of the State of Qatar , Where stations recorded 52.2 ° in Umm Said in July 2000 and in Macainis 50.6 ° in July 1996, while Umm Said station recorded 52 ° in May 2002, as this value is extreme and rare, especially in May, since the area of Umm Said is a desert area and full of sands, so that helps to raise the temperature of the air by the south -western wind and the north-western wind passing over the desert areas.
it is already Known that the air takes the temperature of the surface that touches it and thats followed the gradually temperatures of the surface maps of the Northern Hemisphere, which could be higher around the equator and then gradually decreased as we head toward mid-latitudes lines and record the lowest temperatures in the Arctic.
It is well known to us that the main source of energy on the surface of the Earth planet is the sun and the solar beams become in very insensitive when the inclination angle on the Earth is greater than 90 degrees. The sun rays are lying vertically above the sun each year on the Tropic of Cancer on June 21 of each year for the northern hemisphere during those days.
The following figure shows the distribution of extreme maximum temperatures and the date of their occurrence in some meteorological stations in Qatar during the months of June and July, which recorded greater temperatures with more than 47 degrees, and through the data records which are available to the Department of Meteorology.
It worth mentioning that temperatures are measured in all meteorological stations in the shade as internationally agreed and adopted by the WMO (World Meteorological Organization), where the air is a collection of gases, as if air temperature is measured in the open air, off course they are higher than the value in the shade, for several reasons including the nature of the Earths surface above the measuring areas, in addition to the solar radiations, which are divided into several types of radiations, including infrared and ultraviolet.
According to all of what been mentioned, the Department of Meteorology in the state of Qatar Calls the government authorities, institutions and the private sector to adopt a policy of precaution and care during the exposure of workers directly to the sun and also calls to change the working hours to be in appropriate times, with the wishes of all health and safety.